Classification of steel structure

Steel structure, as an important part in the field of modern construction, is widely used in various buildings and engineering structures with its advantages of high strength, light weight and good seismic performance. As the basis of research and application of steel structure, the classification of steel structure is of great significance for rational selection of steel structure types and improvement of steel structure design level.
1. Classification by connection mode
1. Welded steel structure: Welded steel structure is a structure formed by connecting steel through the welding process. Welded steel structure has the advantages of high connection strength, good sealing, compact structure, etc., and is widely used in Bridges, high-rise buildings, factory buildings and other projects. However, welding residual stress, deformation and other problems may occur in the welding process, which need to be considered in the design and construction.
2. Bolted steel structure: bolted steel structure is a structure that connects steel together by bolts and nuts. The bolted steel structure has the advantages of easy installation, flexible disassembly, easy maintenance, etc., and is suitable for occasions where parts need to be replaced frequently, such as steel structure workshops, exhibition halls, etc. However, the bolted steel structure may deteriorate the connection performance due to loosening, rust and other reasons, and it needs regular inspection and maintenance.
Second, according to the stress state classification
1. Static steel structure: static steel structure refers to the steel structure that works under static load. The design of static steel structure requires that the structure has sufficient strength, stiffness and stability when bearing the design load to meet the requirements of normal use. Static steel structure is widely used in bridge, building, tower and other projects.
2. Power steel structure: Power steel structure refers to the steel structure that works under dynamic loads, such as earthquake and wind loads. The design of dynamic steel structure requires the structure to have good seismic and wind resistance when bearing dynamic load, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the structure. Power steel structure is commonly seen in high-rise buildings, long-span Bridges, towers and other projects.
Three, according to the form of cross-section classification
1. Solid belly steel structure: solid belly steel structure refers to the steel structure whose section is all composed of steel, such as I-steel, channel steel, Angle steel, etc. Solid belly steel structure has the advantages of large section area, good flexural stiffness, good mechanical performance, etc., and is widely used in bridge, building, tower and other projects. However, the solid belly steel structure may produce a large stress concentration when it is stressed, and its stress characteristics should be considered when designing.
2. Lattice steel structure: Lattice steel structure refers to a hollow steel structure composed of strips and plates, such as trusses, lattice columns, etc. Lattice steel structure has the advantages of light weight, less material consumption, large span capacity and so on, which is suitable for long-span bridge, tower, transmission tower and other projects. However, the lattice steel structure may produce large deformation under stress, and its overall stability should be considered in design.
4. Other classification methods
In addition to the above common classification methods, steel structures can also be classified by use, material, manufacturing process, material thickness and other ways. For example, according to the use can be divided into building steel structure, bridge steel structure, tower steel structure and so on; According to the material can be divided into carbon steel structure, low alloy high strength steel structure, stainless steel structure; According to the manufacturing process, it can be divided into hot-rolled steel structure, cold-formed steel structure, welded H-shaped steel structure, etc. According to the thickness of the material can be divided into light steel structure and heavy steel structure. These classification methods help to further refine the application range of steel structures and improve the design level of steel structures.
In short, the classification of steel structure is the basis of the research and application of steel structure, which is of great significance for the rational selection of steel structure types and the improvement of steel structure design level. In actual engineering, the appropriate steel structure type should be selected according to different engineering requirements, stress state, material conditions and other factors to ensure the safety, economy and aesthetics of the structure. At the same time, with the progress of science and technology and the continuous accumulation of engineering practice, the classification and application of steel structures will be constantly updated and improved.