Dapeng Town Industrial Park, Tongshan District, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
Large-span spatial steel structure is widely used in stadiums, exhibition halls, airport terminals and other large buildings, and the innovation of its construction technology is of key significance for ensuring project quality, improving construction efficiency and realising complex architectural shapes.
1.Construction Technology Innovation
Overall lifting technology
The computer-controlled hydraulic synchronous lifting system is used to lift the large-span steel structure assembled on the ground to the designed height. For example, in the construction of roof cover of large stadium, most of the net frame or truss structure can be assembled on the ground, which reduces the amount and difficulty of overhead work. The smoothness and accuracy of the lifting process is ensured by the precise control system, which can effectively control the deformation and internal force of the structure.
Construction Technology of Sliding Movement
For long and narrow shaped or large span steel structure which is difficult to be assembled in large area at high altitude, slip construction technology is adopted. An assembly platform is set up at one or both ends of the building, and after the steel structure is assembled on the platform, it is gradually slid to the designed position by means of the sliding track and traction system. This technology can make use of the limited construction site and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment and substructure construction.
2.High-precision Measuring and Positioning Technology Innovation
3D laser scanning technology
Before the construction of the large-span steel structure, 3D laser scanning technology is used to scan the completed substructure or the surrounding environment to obtain accurate 3D point cloud data. During the construction process, by comparing the theoretical data of the installation position of the steel structure components with the actual data obtained from the scanning, the construction deviation can be adjusted in time to ensure the installation accuracy of the structure.
For large-span steel structures with complex curved surfaces, such as hyperbolic mesh shell structures, 3D laser scanning technology can accurately measure their surface shapes to ensure that the construction meets the design requirements.
Total Station Coordinate Positioning Technology
Combined with the BIM model, the total station is used to locate the coordinates of the steel structure components in real time. By obtaining the precise coordinate information of the components in the BIM model, the total station is used to carry out sampling and positioning on the construction site. This technology can improve the speed and accuracy of positioning, especially in the construction of complex steel structure with large span and multiple components, which effectively avoids the accumulation of errors in traditional measurement methods.
3.Digital simulation and construction management innovation
Combination of BIM and finite element analysis
Before construction, the construction process of large-span steel structure is simulated by BIM model and finite element analysis software. Analyse the stress and deformation trend of the structure at different construction stages, and optimise the construction sequence and temporary support scheme. For example, predict the impact on the installed structure when lifting a certain component and take reinforcement measures in advance to ensure construction safety.
Information-based construction management platform
An information-based construction management platform is established to conduct real-time monitoring and management of progress, quality and safety during the construction of large-span steel structures. Managers can obtain construction information at any time through mobile phones or computers, and coordinate and solve problems in construction in a timely manner. At the same time, using IoT technology, the running status of construction equipment is monitored to improve the efficiency and safety of the equipment.
4.Practice Case
In the steel structure construction of a large airport terminal building, the overall lifting technology is used to smoothly lift the roof steel structure weighing thousands of tonnes into place. The use of 3D laser scanning and total station coordinate positioning technology ensured the installation accuracy, the combination of BIM and finite element analysis optimized the construction plan, and the information-based construction management platform ensured the smooth progress of the construction, which provided a successful example for the innovation and practice of large-span spatial steel structure construction technology.
In conclusion, the innovation and practice of large-span spatial steel structure construction technology provides strong support for the completion of large-scale construction projects with high quality and promotes the development of the construction industry.
