Dapeng Town Industrial Park, Tongshan District, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China
The steel space frame structure is a spatial structure composed of multiple rods connected by nodes according to a certain space frame form. The basic units of the steel space frame frame have trigonal cones, triskeles, cubes, truncated quadrangles, etc., which can be combined into a plane shape of trigonal, quadrilateral, hexagonal, circular or any other shape. It has the advantages of space force, light weight, high stiffness, good seismic performance, etc. It can be used as the roof of stadium, theater, exhibition hall, waiting hall, stadium stand awning, aircraft hangar, two-way large column steel space frame structure and other buildings.
It can be divided into double-layer plate space frame structure, single-layer shell space frame structure and double-layer shell space frame structure. The bar parts of the plate type space frame frame and the double shell type space frame frame are divided into the upper chord rod, the lower chord rod and the belly rod, which mainly bear the tension and pressure; In addition to tensile force and pressure, the bar of the single shell frame also bears bending moment and shear force. At present, most of the space frame structure in China adopts plate type space frame structure.
It can be divided into three types: one is composed of plane truss system, which has four forms: two orthogonal vertical space frame, two orthogonal oblique space frame, two oblique oblique space frame and three vertical space frame. The second type is composed of four pyramidal units, which have five forms: normal quadrangle space frame, open quadrangle space frame, oblique quadrangle space frame, checkerboard quadrangle space frame and star quadrangle space frame. The third type is composed of triangular pyramidal elements, and has three forms of triangular pyramidal mesh, evacuated triangular pyramidal mesh and honeycomb triangular pyramidal mesh. Shell mesh structure is divided into cylindrical shell mesh, spherical shell mesh and hyperbolic parabolic shell mesh. The space frame structure is divided into steel space frame, reinforced concrete space frame and composite space frame composed of steel and reinforced concrete according to the materials used, of which steel space frame is used more.
The bar section of steel space frame structure should be determined according to the strength and stability calculation. In order to reduce the calculating length of the pressure rod and increase its stability, measures such as adding a re-dividing rod and a supporting rod can be adopted. The joints of plate type space frame and double shell space frame made of steel mainly have three forms: cross plate joints, welded hollow ball joints and bolted ball joints. The cross plate joint is suitable for the space frame structure of the shaped steel bar. The connection between the bar and the node plate is welded or connected by high strength bolts. Hollow ball joint and bolt ball joint are suitable for the steel pipe rod space frame structure. The nodes of the single-layer shell space frame should be able to withstand bending internal forces, and under normal circumstances, the steel consumption of the nodes accounts for 15 to 20% of the steel used in the entire steel space frame structure.
